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The aim of rules of attribution is to determine if there is a close and precise link…
Attribution is also defined as the ‘legal operation of identifying the functional…
The problem of attributability has been developed by ILC Articles 2001 and 2011 and…
An organ of an IO is defined as an ‘[e]lement of the structure of an international…
The fundamental rule of ‘attribution’ is denounced in many cases, such as in the…
In the context of UN PKOs, there are different principal-agent relations. In respect…
In principle, in order to be responsible, there needs to be some connection between…
Article 8 of ARIO 2011 states that:…
The conduct of an organ or agent of an international Organisation shall be considered an act of that Organisation under international law if the organ or agent acts in an official capacity and within the overall functions of that Organisation, even if the conduct exceeds the authority of that organ or agent or contravenes instructions.(136)…
This article imposes responsibility for ultra vires acts of organs or officials. Even if they are acting outside their official duties, their actions are attributable to the IO. As observed in the ICJ, in the Certain Expenses of the United Nations Advisory…
The attribution of a wrongful conduct outside the scope of the duties of peacekeepers…
Unless there is no responsibility for a wrongful act, it may not be possible to hold…
Thus, the only acts excluded are purely private acts, having no connection to official…
